Which Type Of Battery Cell Is Best For Custom Battery Pack?

Which Type Of Battery Is Best?
Batteries have become a part of our existence as far as this century is concerned. As such, people are more interested in how they can get the best battery for their devices. Everywhere you go you are shown features of products; how they are capable of delivering high currents, and have long lifespan, and all what not.
Unfortunately, you may end up buying something that does not meet your expectations. At that point, you can get disappointed. The different types of batteries have their advantages and shortcomings.

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This post will be bearing it all for you, so that you can easily make up your mind on which type of battery will be best for you.

The Nickel Cadmium Battery
The Nickel Cadmium battery is a pulse charge and fast charge battery. It is reliable and works noiselessly. It is good enough with heavy loaded devices. Nickel cadmium batteries are said to be among the pack of batteries that perform well even when the working conditions are rigorous.
You do not want to subject this battery to constant charging for a series of days, while you only end up using it for short periods after charging. It needs you to use up all the charges in it from time to time. That is essentially important if you do not want certain pellets to start forming around the cell plates. Such formations will help deplete the battery and make it lose its life.
The Nickel cadmium battery is deemed highly suitable for power tools, medical equipment, and 2-way radios.
Advantages
• It charges super-fast
• It has got a high number of charging cycles
• Performs well even under low temperatures.
• A rugged rechargeable battery
Limitations
• It is kind of environmentally unfriendly
• It has low energy density when compares with others.

The Nickel-Metal Hydride battery
This one is also referred to as the NiMH batteries. They are mostly used for satellite devices and equipment. NiMH batteries are big in size, comprises steel canisters of high pressure, and can go for thousands of dollars for just one cell. As opposed to the first versions of this battery type, it has recorded some massive improvements over the last four decades or so. It has now become more stable compared to how it was back then.
The success of the Nickel-Metal Hydride batteries can be traced to the fact that they are designed with metals that are harmless to the environment. Also, they are known to have high energy density. There are NiMH battery types with extremely higher density capacities, but the thing is, they come with some negative side effects as well. The NiMH battery has been a viable replacement for Ni-Cd batteries in the market recently.
Advantages
• It has a higher energy density when compared to Ni-Cd batteries
• It is not so prone to memory like Ni-Cd batteries
• Easy storage & transportation
Limitations
• It has a service life that is highly limited
• Rate of self-discharge is relatively high
• Performance deteriorates faster when it is stored at places with high temperatures
• Requires full discharge regularly to avoid crystals from forming around the cell plates.

Lead Acid Battery
After its invention in 1859, the lead acid battery later emerged as the first rechargeable battery to hit the commercial space. Today, the flooded lead acid battery has become a brilliant pick for forklift, automobiles, and heavy UPS systems. As developments trailed this type of battery, two types were later introduced. The large lead acid battery and the small lead acid battery. They were quite different from the flooded lead acid battery configurations.
The lead acid battery became infamous for one thing; too much charging will lead to water depletion and gassing. Those were some serious setbacks for the large and small lead acid battery at the time. The lead acid never experienced any memory problems. Exposing the battery to float charge for an extended period never caused any damage to the battery.
Among all the family of rechargeable batteries in recent times, the lead acid battery is the one with the least energy density. That made it a bad choice for handheld devices, since they could work better with something compact in size. Also it was confirmed that it did poorly under low temperatures. In the area of disposal, Ni-Cd batteries are more harmful to deal with than lead acid batteries, although there is still problem with the high amount of lead contained in it.

Lithium ion battery
Well into 1970, the lithium batteries became a household name for those who loved to stay in touch even without power. As the first version, it was non-rechargeable due to the instability of lithium. Lithium became a good prospect for battery developments because it was, and still is, the lightest metal on the earth crust. That meant higher energy density for each weight.
The following decade, scientists began to research on how to develop the rechargeable version of this battery. The research projects were largely unsuccessfully for safety reasons. The lithium ion batteries was the alternative that was available. It was safe to use and provided a relatively high energy density. As at 1991, a commercial version of the first lithium ion battery was available to the public. After then, other manufacturers joined the bandwagon, and we can clearly say today that the lithium ion battery is about the fastest growing battery with an exciting battery chemistry.
Almost all the handheld devices today are using one brand of lithium ion battery or another. To keep the power level at a constant, larger currents are drawn. The attribute of low cell resistance is another essential factor required to ensure seamless current flow during any load pulse. The lithium ion battery does not require too much maintenance to keep it in good shape. A feature that you cannot be guaranteed when discussing other battery chemistries.
As good as the lithium ion battery is, it equally has some shortcomings one may need to take into consideration. It is delicate, and requires a safety mechanism to use. The peak voltage is greatly limited by the protection circuit.

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